Epistle 1.10

Aristius Fuscus, quis erat?  

Amicus Horati qui, ut scripsit Porphyrio, fabulas palliatas scripsit.  Porphyrio (ad serm. 1.9): ‘praestantissimus grammaticus illo tempore’.  Et carmen et sermo leviter scripti sunt.  Patet Horatius saepe iocari cum Fusco.  

Plotius et Varius, Maecenas Vergiliusque,
Valgius, et probet haec Octavius, optimus atque
Fuscus, et haec utinam Viscorum laudet uterque!

purple: The best dyes came from Sidon and Tyre (Phoenicia), but H. gives a catalogue of the knock offs (with thanks to Roland Mayer’s commentary):

  • African: C. 2.16.35
  • Laconian: C. 2.18.8
  • Coan: C. 4.13.3
  • Aquinate Epist. 1.10 (i.e. here)
  • Tarentine: Epist. 2.1.207
  • Gaetulian: Epist. 2.2.81

Both Aristotle (historia animalium (Aristot. Hist. an. 546b-547b) and Pliny (Plin. HN 9,124-138) write about the small snails that create the best purple dye.  For more see Brill 

Plinius Explicatus

PLINIVS CALPVRNIAE SVAE S.

6.7.1.1

  Scribis te absentia mea non mediocriter adfici unumque habere solacium, quod pro me libellos meos teneas, saepe etiam in uestigio meo colloces. Gratum est quod nos requiris, gratum quod his fomentis adquiescis; inuicem ego epistulastuas lectito atque identidem in manus quasi nouas sumo. Sed eo magis ad desiderium tui accendor: nam cuius litterae tantum habent suauitatis, huius sermonibus quantum dulcedinis inest! Tu tamen quam frequentissime scribe, licet hoc ita me delectet ut torqueat. Vale.

Ad Atticum 16.14 Auxilia

Ad Atticum 16.14

Helpful for this letter: the events of 44 after the death of Caesar (e.g. temple of Telluris) 

<CICERO ATTICO SAL.>

Nihil erat plane quod scriberem. nam cum Puteolis essem, cottidie aliquid novi de Octaviano, multa, etiam falsa, de Antonio.

  • nihil erat quod + subjunctive: what kind of clause??
  • Puleolis: locative: at Puteoli, in southern Italy on the bay of Naples; chief Italian grain port
  • Octavianus: Gaius Julius Caesar Octavianus, formerly Octavius, Caesar’s nephew and adopted son, the future Augustus
  • Antonius: i.e. Marcus

ad ea autem quae scripsisti (tris enim acceperam iii Id. a te epistulas), valde tibi adsentior, si multum possit Octavianus, multo firmius acta tyranni comprobatum iri quam in Telluris, atque id contra Brutum fore.

  • tris: accusative plural;
  • possit: i.e. be powerful
  • comprobatum iri: future passive infinitive; indeclinable w/ acta
  • tyrani: id est, Caesaris
  • firmius…quam
  • in Telluris: frequent idiom: sc. aedes: in Telluris aedibus: in the temple of Tellus

sin autem vincitur, vides intolerabilem Antonium, ut quem velis nescias.

  • vincitur: i.e. Octavianus
  • ut quem velis nescias: so that you won’t know which one you want (i.e. Octavianus or Antonius) sc. in power

O Sesti tabellarium hominem nequam!

  • accusative and infinitve of exclamation
  • nequam: indeclinable: ‘worthless’

postridie Puteolis Romae se dixit fore.

  • Romae: locative

quod me mones ut pedetemptim, adsentior; etsi aliter cogitabam.

  • pedetemptim: adv: slowly
  • Claudius Marcellus, C. (cos. 50)
  • Marcius Philippus, L. (cos. 56)

alia enim eorum ratio; et, si non est, tamen videtur.

sed in isto iuvene, quamquam animi satis, auctoritatis parum est.

  • iuvenis: Octavian

tamen vide, si forte in Tusculano recte esse possum, ne id melius sit.

ero libentius; nihil enim ignorabo.

an hoc cum Antonius venerit?

Sed, ut aliud ex alio, mihi non est dubium quin quod Graeci kayh*kon, nos ‘officium’.

  • ut aliud ex alio: sc. veniam (C. is moving from one topic of conversation to another
  • καθῆκον: kathêkon: proper function
  • quod Graeci…nos: sc. vocant

id autem quid dubitas quin etiam in rem publicam praeclare caderet?

  • cado, cadere, cecidi, casum: + in or sub aliquem or aliquid: to belong to, be fitting be in accordance with (esp. with philosophical or rhetorical language)

nonne dicimus consulum officium, senatus officium, imperatoris officium? praeclare convenit; aut da melius.

  • senatus: here genitive singular
  • convenire: agree, be suitable

Male narras de Nepotis filio. valde mehercule moveor et moleste fero. nescieram omnino esse istum puerum.

Caninium perdidi, hominem, quod ad me attinet, non ingratum.

  • Caninius: tribune impeached from office and defended by Cicero (in the now lost Pro L. Caninio Gallo, 55 BCE)

Athenodorum nihil est quod hortere; misit enim satis bellum υπόμνημα.

  • Athenodorus Calvus: Stoic philosopher contemporary with Cicero. Cicero was writing the third book of de officiis and wanted more philosophical material 
  • υπόμνημα : hypomnema, -atis, n: written remark, memorandum 

gravedini, quaeso, omni ratione subveni.

  • gravedo, -edinis: a head cold
  • subvenire: come to the assistance of; remedy, heal 

avi tui pronepos scribit ad patris mei nepotem se ex Nonis iis quibus nos magna gessimus aedem Opis explicaturum, idque ad populum. videbis igitur et scribes. Sexti iudicium exspecto.

  • pronepos, pronepotis: great grandson
  • nepos, nepotis: grandson
  • magna gessimus: i.e. December 5,  the day (?) that Cicero revealed the conspiracy of Catiline
  • Aedis Opis: the Temple of Ops
  • explicare (1): give an account of (i.e. the activities that took place in the Temple of Ops, namely Marcus Antonius’ embezzlement of funds)

Ad Atticum 5.1 Auxilia

Ad Atticum 5.1

note:  underlined vocabulary words are links to Lewis and Short;  some notes from DRSB, Select Letters

scripsit Minuturnis mense Maio anno 51

CICERO ATTICO SAL.

Ego vero et tuum in discessu vidi animum et meo sum ipse  testis; quo magis erit tibi videndum ne quid novi decernatur,  ut hoc nostrum desiderium ne plus sit annuum.

  • in discessu: Cicero was about to depart for his province, Cilicia in Asia Minor, as proconsul; Atticus had been to visit him at Tusculum
  • animus: as often: feelings, disposition
  • testis, is: witness
  • nostrum desiderium: missing each other
  • annuUs, not annus.

De Annio Saturnino, curasti probe. de satis dando vero, te  rogo, quoad eris Romae, tu ut satis des;

  • quoad: as long as

et sunt aliquot  satisdationes secundum mancipium, veluti Mennianorum  praediorum vel Atilianorum.

    • satisdatio
    • mancipium,
    • praedium, i: farm, estate, manor                                                                             ____

de Oppio, factum est <ut>  volui, et maxime quo<d de> dccc aperuisti;

quae quidem  ego utique vel versura facta solvi volo, ne extrema exactio  nostrorum nominum exspectetur.

Nunc venio ad transversum illum extremae epistulae tuae versiculum in quo me admones de sorore.

  • transversus: a line of writing along the margin at the end of the letter (extrema epistola)
  • soror: Atticus’s sister Pomponia, who was married to Cicero’s brother Quintus

quae res se sic habet: ut veni in Arpinas, cum ad me frater venisset, in primis nobis sermo isque multus de te fuit; ex quo ego veni ad ea  quae fueramus ego et tu inter nos de sorore in Tusculano locuti.

  • Arpinas, atis: adjective form of Arpinum; Cicero’s villa in Arpinum (the form is neuter singular)
  • multus (sc. sermo)
  • veni: i.e. I came to the point (we use the same verb)

nihil tam vidi mite, nihil tam placatum quam tum meus frater erat in sororem tuam, ut, etiam si qua fuerat ex ratione sumpta offensio, non appareret.

  • ex ratione sumpta:
  • appareo,ere: appear

ille sic dies. postridie  ex Arpinati profecti sumus. ut in Arcano Quintus maneret dies fecit; ego Aquini, sed prandimus in Arcano (nosti hunc fundum).

  • ille sic dies (sc. abiit, or se habet): that’s how that day went
  • postridie: on the next day
  • Arcanum: Quintus’s villa at Arx
  • dies fecit: the day brought it about that….(it was a holiday)
  • prandeo, prandere, prandi, pransus: to eat lunch
  • nosti=novisti

quo ut venimus, humanissime Quintus ‘Pomponia’  inquit, ‘tu invita mulieres, ego vero adscivero pueros’. nihil  potuit, mihi quidem ut visum est, dulcius, idque cum verbis tum etiam animo ac vultu.

  • invita: imperative
  • mulieres, pueros:  not friends but male and female slaves who would dine with the family for the holiday
  • adscivero: adscisco (ascisco) ere, adscivi (ascivi), adscitum (ascitum): adopt, take to oneself, invite
  • cum…tum: both…and

at illa audientibus nobis ‘ego ipsa  sum’ inquit ‘hic hospita’; id autem ex eo, ut opinor, quod antecesserat Statius ut prandium nobis videret.

  • Statius: one of Quintus’s liberti (freedmen)
  • hospita, ae: fem. of hospes, here: guest
  • videre: here “see to”
  • id autem ex eo quod: that remark came from this, as I think, that …

tum Quintus  ‘en’ inquit mihi, ‘haec ego patior cottidie’.

dices ‘quid, quaeso,  istuc erat?’ magnum; itaque me ipsum commoverat; sic absurde et aspere verbis vultuque responderat.

dissimulavi dolens.

discubuimus omnes praeter illam, cui tamen Quintus de mensa misit; illa reiecit.

  • discumbuere: take ones places at table (clearly the women are reclining as well)
  • de mensa misit: Q. sends his wife some dinner

quid multa? nihil meo fratre lenius,  nihil asperius tua sorore mihi visum est; et multa praetereo quae tum mihi maiori stomacho quam ipsi Quinto fuerunt.

  • meo fratre; tua sorore: abl. of comparison
  • praetereo, ire: omit, pass by without mention.
  • maiori stomacho …mihi…Quinto: double dative;

 ego inde Aquinum. Quintus in Arcano remansit et Aquinum ad me postridie mane venit mihique narravit nec secum illam dormire voluisse et cum discessura esset fuisse eius modi qualem ego vidissem.

  • mane: adv: in the morning
  • cum (Pomponia) disscessura esset, (Pomponiam) fuisse eius modi qualem ego (pridie) vidissem
  • eius modi: of that sort

quid quaeris? vel ipsi hoc dicas licet,  humanitatem ei meo iudicio illo die defuisse.

  • quid quaeris?: “in short, in a word” (also: noli quaerere)
  • licet + subjunctive
  • ei: Pomponiae
  • humanitas

haec ad te scripsi,  fortasse pluribus quam necesse fuit, ut videres tuas quoque esse partis instituendi et monendi.

  • partis: accusative plural

Reliquum est ut ante quam proficiscare mandata nostra exhaurias, scribas ad me omnia, Pomptinum extrudas, cum  profectus eris cures ut sciam, sic habeas, nihil mehercule te  mihi nec carius esse nec suavius.

  • mandata nostra exhaurias: a favorite Ciceronian expression in the letters: execute, fulfill my commissions
  • Pomptinus: one of Cicero’s legates
  • extrudo
  • sic habeas: ‘consider’ or ‘think’ + oratio obliqua

A. Torquatum amantissime dimisi Minturnis, optimum virum; cui me ad te scripsisse aliquid in sermone significes  velim.

  • Aulus Manlius Torquatus: Praetor in 70

Exercitium Grammaticum Alterum

[Exerciti Responsum; notae]

 

NOTA BENE: The text below is an English translation of an actual letter. Any attempt to find the original violates the honor code, tempting though it may be! 

[To the writer’s wife]

You write that you are affected not moderately by my absence and you have one consolation when you don’t have me: that is,  that you hold my books and frequently even place them in my impression beside you.  I am happy to know that you miss me and happy too that you can erase the pain with this sort of medication.  I for my part read and reread your letters and return to them again and again as if they had just arrived. But this only fans the flames of my longing for you: if there is such pleasure in reading what you write, think what joy it is to talk with you! Do write as often as you can, even though it will torture me as much as it delights me. Farewell.

 

Feeling: use adficio, adficere, adfeci, adfectum

“when you don’t have me” = pro me

place: collocare

impression: vestigium

miss: requiro, requirere

ease the pain: adquiescere

medicine: fomentum

read and reread: use the frequentative lectitare (i.e.you don’t need to repeat it)

again and again: identidem

i.e. as if (quasi) new

‘fan the flames’ accendere (look it up, and you don’t need flames)

pleasure…joy: suavitas, -tatis (f)…dulcedo, -inis (f)

even though: licet + subjunctive

as much as: ita….ut…

Auxilia Horace Ep. 1.9

All of the epistles are written in dactylic hexameter.

Claudius: Tiberius Claudius Nero
Septimius: also recipient of Odes 2.6 but otherwise unknown; in their (magisterial) commentary on that poem, Nisbet and Hubbard state (Horace [Quintus Horatius Flaccus], 6. in Robin G. M. Nisbet and Margaret Hubbard (eds), A Commentary on Horace: Odes, Book II; Published in print: 1978; Published online: July 2015):

“Septimius is described by Porphyrio as an eques Romanus who was a commilito of Horace; the latter statement is probably a bad guess, based on 8 militiaeand the supposed analogy of Pompeius in the next poem. Horace may have been considerably older, as he confidently expects to predecease his friend (22 ff.); when he recommends him to the young Tiberius, perhaps about 21 b.c. (epist. 1. 9), he is hardly speaking of a middle-aged contemporary. He describes Septimius in the epistle as fortem … bonumque (1. 9. 13); the compliment is conventional, yet fortem suggests the more active virtues. The ambitious young man did well in the imperial household, and was promoted in due course to the inner circle; the success of his career is shown by Augustus’s letter to Horace ‘tui qualem habeam memoriam poteris ex Septimio quoque nostro audire; nam incidit ut illo coram fieret a me tui mentio’ (Suet. vit. Hor. 30 ff. Rostagni).”

quanti: genitive of value
scilicet: apparently
legentis: genitive with Neronis
validius: comparative adverb
timui ne: fear clause
finxisse: from fingere: here “to misrepresent as”


“

Personal Qualities

I started working on the list that Davidson gives for its peer review page. My best advice is to look carefully at the letters we read this term. Some of the qualities valued on the peer review page don’t translate easily or well. They will be almost always better expressed by verbal phrasing than just a list of nouns and adjectives.

Character and Personality
The following ratings will be used to compare this student with other very capable students.  Please make them as realistic as you can in comparison with outstanding students applying to other leading institutions.

Leadership: I think this is getting at the respect accrued to someone because they seem to know what they are doing–not really just someone who pushes to the front to take charge, but someone whom others don’t mind taking charge. 

  • consilium capere posse Latinitium
  • gratia: favor one finds with others (a word that is important and has a lot of senses)

Self-confidence: “a feeling of trust in one’s abilities, qualities, and judgment”; syn:  morale, confidence, self-assurance, assurance, assertiveness, self-reliance, self-possession, composure.

  • to have c., fīdo, confīdo, fīsus sum, 3 intransitive
  • fiducia sui, self-confidence, boldness, courage PHI
  • bonum animum habere (courage)
  • praesenti animo uti –to possess presence of mind. 

Independence: not depending on another; capable of thinking and acting for oneself; 

  • legally: sui iuris esse; liber, libera, liberum 
  • personally:  suo consilio uti;  suo iudicio uti– to go one’s own way, proceed independently
  • suo more vivere (this seems not really a compliment)

Character and Integrity

  • note: integritas, integritatisdoes not mean “integrity” in our sense but rather wholeness “the undiminished or unimpaired condition of a thing.” I think integrity here means “honesty, respectablity” 
  • honestus, a,um : respectable 
  • opinionem virtutis habere – to have the reputation of virtue.
  • mores
  • poetic: integer vitae scelerisque purus (Horace)

Reaction to criticism: this has to be done with a verb phrase

  • how you take something: ferre + adverb

Concern for others

  • bene merens (merens, merentis) or bene meritus/ merita de + ablative of person 
  • benevolens, benevolentis 
  • consulere
  • cura; curare
  • humanitas; humanus, a, um
  • benignus

Respect accorded by classmates: this one is easy (but don’t use “habere”! use fruor, frui, fructum or utor, uti usum or something –both take ablative)

  • honor
  • dignitas
  • optima fides et fama
  • honestus, a,um: regarded with honor 
  • dignus, a, um (+ablative of respect)
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